These metrics are essential for decision-makers to assess economic losses to inform policy implementation, and accordingly make plans for business reopening and industry resumption ( Hilboll et al., 2017 Sinha, 2016). Analysis of the spatiotemporal patterns, trends and changes of air pollution can reflect the impact of COVID-19 mitigation efforts on industrial production, transportation, and changes to a population's daily activities. For example, NO 2 is primarily emitted from fossil fuel consumption ( Russell et al., 2012) and vehicle emissions are one of the primary sources of PM 2.5 ( Manousakas et al., 2017). Thus, evaluations of the impacts of COVID-19 on the environment and economy as well as study into infection and death rates are increasingly urgent and necessary to inform decision makers at all levels.Īir pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O 3) and particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10) are important indicators of economic and human activities. Currently, the spread of coronavirus has been initially controlled in many regions of the world and some countries have chosen to reopen.
The unexpected outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has greatly impacted both economies and environments ( Liu et al., 2020a, Liu et al., 2020b Yang et al., 2020 Saadat et al., 2020) due to societal efforts and policies to mitigate or “lockdown” the disease by local and national governments-including the shutting-down of non-essential industries and the restriction of public transportation.
Our study offers evidence of the environmental impact introduced by COVID-19, and insight into related economic influences. These are 16%, 25% and 19% sharper than the means of the previous five years in the same periods, respectively. Ground-based observations around California show a 38%, 49%, and 31% drop in the concentration of NO 2, carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5) during the lockdown (March 19–May 7) compared to before (January 26–March 18) in 2020. The spatial patterns of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) tropospheric vertical column density (TVCD) show a decreasing trend over the locations of major powerplants and an increasing trend over residential areas near interactions of national highways.
#CALIFORNIA ON TOTAL LOCKDOWN SERIES#
Through time series analysis, a sudden drop and uptick of air pollution are found around the dates when shutdown and reopening were ordered, respectively. To examine if interventional policies due to COVID-19 have had a similar impact in the US state of California, this paper investigates the spatiotemporal patterns and changes in air pollution before, during and after the lockdown of the state, comparing the air quality measurements in 2020 with historical averages from 2015 to 2019. “lockdown”) the outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused non-negligible impacts on the environment, especially air quality. Various recent studies have shown that societal efforts to mitigate (e.g.
0 kommentar(er)
